Imaging for medical purposes involves a team of radiologists, radiographers(X-ray technologists), sonographers(ultrasound technologists), medical physicists, nurses, biomedical engineers, and other support staff working together to optimize the wellbeing of patients, one at a time. Appropriate use of medical imaging requires a multidisciplinary approach.

Medical imaging encompasses different imaging modalities and processes to image the human body for diagnostic and treatment purposes. Therefore it plays an important role in initiatives to improve public health.

Medical imaging, especially X-ray based examinations and ultrasonography, is crucial in public health and preventive medicine as well as in both curative and palliative care, effective decisions depend on correct diagnoses. Though medical/clinical judgment may be sufficient prior to treatment of many conditions, the use of diagnostic imaging services is paramount in confirming, correctly assessing and documenting courses of many diseases as well as in assessing responses to treatment. 

Effective, safe and high quality imaging is important for much medical decision-making and can reduce unnecessary procedures. For example, some surgical interventions can be avoided altogether if simple diagnostic imaging services such as ultrasound are available.